Derailment is a common problem that occurs in all the working model trains, including the Brass HO trains. The key is to identify the problem and then finding out how to fix it. The problems can be identified based on the performance of the train.
If the derailment is occurring at a particular place of the layout, there can be various reasons for this to happen. One of the cars might not have been placed perfectly on the track. There may be a switch at that place which is out of its boundary or popping up the track to cause the derailment. Any scenery or remodeling done at the particular spot may have caused some changes in the track.
If a particular car keeps derailing, then the wheels and the couplers need to be checked. The height of the coupler, magnetic part of the coupler that can be bent at a bad-angle, etc may cause the derailment. The couplers have to be lubricated using a little puff of powedered graphite Teflon. Usually, they do not need any lubrication unless the sideframes make noise. Oil is not recommended for HO brass model trains.
Dirt can build up on the wheels of rolling stock of Brass HO trains, or the tread part. The wheelsets have to be in gauge and centered on the axles. It is best checked while buying the piece. If they go out of gauge, they can usually be adjusted by twisting the wheel along the axle till they are in the right alignment. This has to be done very carefully though.
Sometimes the car in the front or behind the derailing car would be the culprit. If the car has not been put in correctly, then it can cause derailment of the next one.
The rail joints need to be aligned carefully and properly fitted to the next one. Bumps can be found that would result from something under the roadbed or track, or insecure nailing of the track. Using a filer to smooth the top and inside corner at the joints can be done if required.
Sometimes the freight cars can weigh less and fail to perform accurately. The weight of the car body has to be minimum possible and they need to be centered and secured to avoid sliding out of position. The mounting of the truck on the car needs to be done in a way such that they swivel freely. If there is stiffness, the wheel flanges into the railheads and disturbance occurs.
These little things, if taken care of immediately after they are identified, will go a long way in making your prized collection of Brass HO trains a thing to envy. A few minutes of adjustments that are made, even in front of the visitors, can lessen the number of problems that occur in future.
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