Plumbing Pipes And Practical Know How

Most people panic when there is a plumbing emergency or general repair that needs to be done. This panic is unnecessary if you have the practical plumbing knowledge. Getting help can be obtained in various ways it can be a phone call to a plumber for a fee or help from a do it yourself book if you are the handyman type or if your lucky you will have a friendly neighborhood plumbing/hardware store that can assist you with all your repair needs.

Water Leaks 101

If at any point in time you notice water in areas that water does not belong the first and most important thing to do is turn off the main valve. This is located at meter or in your home where the water line comes into the house. If you do not know where this is start by looking in your crawl space or basement. Once water has been shut off locate cause of leak determine diameter of pipe and material the pipe is made of ie copper or plastic or steel. You can remove a part of this to take with you if need be. Match up pipe or fittings needed to repair leak. If it is a threaded steel connection make sure you put thread seal on all threaded connections and tighten as snug as you can get it. This would be done by using pipe wrench or channel lock style pliers. If it is a copper connection you can use solder fittings or compression style fittings ( the easiest style for a novice). There are 3 types of plastic pipes used PVC, CPVC, and PEX. PVC and CPVC can be glued together with appropriate solvent. PEX pipe is either clamped or a grabber style fitting is used.

Clogged or Slow Drains

If drain is moving slow or completely clogged cleaners are not always a great solution. If the drain is slow moving a cleaner may help to make move freely. If it is completely stopped up a snake should be used to remove obstruction. If your home has old steal drain lines you might be fighting a loosing battle. I suggest to cut out and remove steel pipe and replace with PVC. Generally, the vertical pipes do not build up the same amount of debris or sludge the same as the horizontal pipes. If you are making a transition from steel to plastic make sure you use a approved coupling to make the transition. If it is a PVC to PVC connection use appropriate solvent.

That Leaky faucet

When your faucet develops a leak it is important to fix as soon as possible to save extra damage to the part from forcing it to shut off. First thing to do is to shut water off to faucet . Shut off valves are located below sink. Remove handle then locate the nut that holds the faucet stem in faucet body, use wrench to remove take to local plumbing shop or hardware store to match replacement gaskets or sometimes the complete stem. If faucet is not able to be repaired and you decide to replace it is important that you purchase a new faucet from a reputable manufacturer.

Toilet Woes

If toilet is leaking at the base it could be a wax seal needs to be replaced, or the mounting flange may be cracked. If it takes a long time for the tank to refill after you flush it is the ball cock that has failed. Sometimes this can be repaired with a replacement gasket if parts are not available replace complete ball cock. This is also the solution if it will not shut off. If you hear your toilet refill without flushing it the flapper assembly needs to be replaced.* there are lots of different style flappers used make sure you take your old one with you to match.*

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HO Steam Locomotive Drivers and Their Care

The drivers on any steam locomotive are an integral part of the engines operating system. The care is essential in maintaining a well cared for HO steam engine.

Periodically the hobbyist should disassemble his or her steam engine for good maintenance. The procedure is best described by removing the body of the engine from the frame. It is not necessary to remove the motor. You must however, uncouple the driveline between the motor and the gearbox.

Once this is done, remove the plate at the bottom of the frame that holds the drive wheels in place. Carefully remove the drive wheel set from the frame and slide the pistons out of the cylinders. Make a note of the position of the wheels during removal. This will make it easier to reinstall the wheel set.

Once the wheel set has been removed, carefully remove the springs from each slot on the frame. Make sure you put them in a safe place. Now take denatured alcohol and a swab and gently clean all of the slots and areas where the wheels may make contact. I do not use solvents because they leave a residue. You have to be careful with solvents because of the possibility of corrosive agents that may damage your locomotive.

Turning to the wheel sets, carefully examine the drive rods and journals for wear. Clean the wheels with denatured alcohol including the tires. On the shafts of each wheel, there should be a set of bushings or bearings. Gently clean the drive wheel shafts and bushings/bearings with the denatured alcohol.

Now remove the gearbox from the main drive wheel. Clean the main drive gear thoroughly with alcohol. Also, take the gearbox apart and clean out the old grease again using alcohol.

Using synthetic Teflon grease, grease the gearbox with a minimum amount of grease. Too much grease will bog the gearbox down. We have found that the synthetic grease is superior to natural greases. Also, add a little grease to the main drive gear.

Examine the wheel springs for damage. It is generally a good idea to replace them as they do wear out and they are very inexpensive.

Reinstall the wheel set making sure the bushing/bearings are aligned correctly and the little plastic disks are located properly. Once installed take a fine oil and place one drop on each of the bushing/bearings. This will help with the operation of the wheel set. Make sure the piston rods are inserted into the pistons.

Place the bottom cover onto the frame and fasten the plate with the original screws. With the gearbox yet to be assembled on the main gear, place the frame on a test track. Gently run the frame and wheels up and down the track checking for any binding. If so, readjust the wheel set until they move freely and recheck on the test track.

Once you feel the system is aligned properly reinstall the gearbox. Fasten the gearbox shaft to the Can Motor shaft by the original means unless you have changed the drive mechanism to your liking.

Once this is accomplished, place the frame/wheel set on a live test track and operate it. If all goes well reinstall the body and test it again. You should have many hours of enjoyment with your locomotive.

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En este video guía mostramos como se realiza el proceso de descontaminación de la pintura con CLAY BAR. Para realizar esta tarea utilizamos productos Chemical Guys importados en forma exclusiva por CarStudio. Para contratar nuestro servicio de CLAY BAR en nuestro local oa domicilio, o bien, adquirir los productos que utilizamos en el video, contactese con nosotros a info@carstudio.com.ar



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A Screwpull Wine Opener - The Houdini Wine Opener Review

Are you ready for a screwpull wine opener? Like the venerable "mousetrap", someone is always trying to make a better one, and Metrokane has a winner with their Houdini wine opener. Also referred to as a lever opener, the Houdini model wine bottle opener makes the task so easy, even a "caveman" can do it. The Metrokane name gained recognition among wine enthusiasts with its famous Rabbit lever model, and now they have followed that with their less expensive model - the Houdini.

Just like its more expensive big brother, the Rabbit, the Houdini wine opener uses a pair of grip handles to hold to the wine bottle, and a lever-action to impale the wine cork and extract it from the bottle. It does this safely and securely with a simple pull and push of the lever. No more struggling to center the corkscrew tip, or twisting and pulling to extract the cork. And a lot less chance of wine spillage.

To use the Houdini, simply use the included wine foil cutter to remove the foil. Then place the Houdini over the wine bottle neck and grip the "rabbit ear" handles to hold the bottle. Pull the lever down and it drives a Teflon-coated corkscrew into the cork, then push the lever back to its starting position and it pulls the cork from the bottle. A lot easier than the twisting and yanking of traditional t-handle corkscrew. And even easier than the twisting and prying method of a waiters corkscrew. To retrieve the cork, just pull the lever to expose it and remove it from the corkscrew worm.

Just because it is less expensive than the Rabbit doesn't mean the Houdini screwpull wine opener is "cheap". Manufactured to meet the same high standards of all Metrokane wine accessory products, the Houdini has a 5-tear warranty. All Houdini openers include a handy acrylic storage tray that also hold the addition wine tools that come with it. They include a "twist" wine foil cutter, and an extra spiral corkscrew worm. There are several wine gift set models that include of to 6 additional wine accessories like; a wine drip-stop ring, wax button whacker, wine bottle sealer/stopper, and foil cutter. All the Houdini wine opener sets come in attractive gift boxes that serve as their storage box. The Houdini is available in the colors of; matte'-finish black and silver, glossy black and silver, metallic red, metallic blue, and candy red.

The Houdini retails from $39.99 to $59.99, (depending on accessories and sets), but nobody has to pay retail. You can expect to find the basic Houdini model with foil cutter and extra worm for $18 - $25, and the various wine opener gift sets for $25 - $39. A screwpull wine opener set like the Houdini would make a terrific gift for any wine lover, (even yourself), and with the dependability of a Metrokane wine opener, backed by a 5-year warranty, you can be sure it will be a gift appreciated each time its used in the years to come.

Replacing an Old Toilet With a New One

The first step in replacing a toilet and installing a new one is to inspect the stall area where the toilet will go. Look carefully at the water valve on the wall. See what kind of hose it has. Inspect the floor flange to make sure it is in good condition.

The next step is to understand the requirements for the new fixture. Measure the distance from the floor bolts to the back wall and record this dimension. If there isn't already a toilet in place measure from the center point of the drain.

Now its time for a trip to the home improvement center. There you will browse the different models of toilets. Make sure to get the advice of good sales person. Also make sure to select a model with the same rough in dimensions you measured on the drain.

The next step is to roll up your sleeves and wrestle out the old fixture. Un-do the two bolts holding the toilet to the floor. Turn off the water supply. Unscrew the hose. Then simply rock the toilet back and forth and it will come loose. Get a someone to help you lift the fixture at they are heavy.

The right place to dispose of an old toilet is the local refuse center. You may need to take the toilet apart to make it easy to carry out. That way it might also fit it in a small car.

Take the new fixture out of the box. Carefully review the instructions paying special attention to organize the parts that came with the toilet. Most toilets are nearly assembled but do have some loose parts.

To install the toilet, first place the wax gasket on the floor flange. Fit the floor bolts into the floor flange. Next position the toilet next to the flange and place it carefully over the bolts. Secure the nuts, and connect up the water supply

To test the toilet first turn on the water valve, located to the left of the toilet. You should hear the tank filling. Inspect the water line, tank, and floor for any potential leaks. Flush the toilet, and then inspect again for leaks.

Well Water Filtration is a Necessity For Many But Don't Stop There If You Want it to Taste Good Too

Well water filtration is a necessity for many homeowners. Your concern could be clay, salt, bacteria or chemicals. Whatever the problem, there is a solution.

Particle filters are the solution for clay and dirt. The sizes of the particles that can be removed with the filters vary. The label should indicate the size. For example, a 5 micron-sized filter will remove particles of sand and silt. One that is certified to filter down to one micron will remove cysts.

Cysts are a problem in many rural areas, due to farm runoff, particularly at certain times of the year. They cause waterborne illnesses similar to food poisoning, which can sometimes be very serious. One of the more recent outbreaks was in Colorado. No one died, but thousands became ill.

The biggest risk is to infants and those with weakened immune systems. For those at-risk individuals, the illness can be deadly.

There are a couple of options for salt reduction. Reverse osmosis and ion exchange are two. Reverse osmosis is expensive, but may be effective if the filtering membranes are kept in good working order.

Ion exchange is a recent addition to well water filtration technology. It works by exchanging ions of one material with that of another. For example, it can be used to trap lead and exchange it for potassium.

For most kinds of bacteria, viruses and other germs, a disinfection step is needed. UV disinfection is generally safer than chemical disinfection, but the cost is higher. Unfortunately, many people still choose chlorine, chloramines, bromate or some other kind of disinfectant.

The biggest complaint with chemical disinfectants is that they spoil the taste. The solution is to use a faucet filter that includes granular carbon or a solid carbon block. The solid block is most effective.

It is a good choice for anyone using standard well water filtration, because it can remove smaller particles not trapped by the regular particle filters. At the same time, it removes disinfectants. With this kind of complete system, you have water to drink or for making beverages. You can be sure that it is free of microscopic organisms and microscopic particles, while still enjoying the taste.

Granular carbon and other filtering media are necessary for chemical reduction. Otherwise it is impossible to filter out chemicals, even with an expensive reverse osmosis system.

Even if you do have well water filtration that includes reverse osmosis, you still need a step or two for chemical removal. The best choice in terms of effectiveness is one that attaches to the kitchen faucet.

Prices vary according to the type of step you choose and the number of steps included in the system. It is not unusual to pay thousands of dollars for a complete system. It really depends on the contaminants present in your well.

Because of that, testing is a good idea. Testing can be expensive. There is a separate test for each kind of contaminant, and laboratories charge accordingly.

Whatever well water filtration system you choose, it is still a good idea to install another filter on your kitchen tap. It is simply the safest choice.

The Many Uses of Teflon Or PTFE

Teflon is the trade name for PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), a polymer consisting of carbon and fluorine. Teflon was developed back in 1938 by a DuPont researcher named Dr. Roy Plunkett. The development changed the plastic industry forever.

Plunkett and his DuPont team created one of the most slippery substances that exist. PTFE is not only beneficial for its nonstick property; it offers many other great qualities as well. The polymer is resistant to high temperatures, chemical reaction, corrosion, and stress cracking. These traits allow PTFE to be used for many different purposes.

One common household use for Teflon or PTFE is cooking. Many kitchen supply brands market their Teflon pots, pans, and utensils. These products are safe and make cooking a lot easier. The non stick PTFE component guarantees your food will slide right off the pot or pans surface. Cooking sprays and grease are no longer needed when you cook and bake with a Teflon coded product.

Another at home use for PTFE is with beauty products. Nail Polish is commonly infused with Teflon to create a strong, crack free product. Once applied, the Nail polish will stick to your nails longer with chipping. Many hair styling products, like curling irons and flat irons are also made with PTFE. The non stick coating helps the tools glide smoothly through hair, unaffected by the high heat temperatures.

PTFE is also significant in the automotive industry. One frequent use is with windshield wiper blades. Manufacturers coat their wiper blades with Teflon so the well known "squeaky blade situation" does not occur.

A fourth public use of PTFE is as protection for carpets and fabrics. Carpets and fabrics that include Teflon are less susceptible to stains. The PTFE acts as a repellant to liquids so spills can be easily wiped off.

Besides household and personal use, PTFE is widely used in a variety of business industries. The Steel and Chemical Processing Industries are two prime examples. These industries need strong and reliable hoses and tubing to transfer highly caustic and corrosive chemicals. They work with high temperatures to produce their products or services and they have to have a means for withstanding the heat. Teflon is great since it is carries the heat resistant and corrosion or stress free characteristics. PTFE tubing and hoses deteriorates less rapidly than metal piping. Manufacturers are catching on to this cost saving technique.

As you can see, PTFE properties are endless. They assist us with day to day tasks like cooking, cleaning, and driving. They contribute to our beauty prepping. And, PTFE's play a major role in the processes of industries like the Steel and the Chemical Processing Industry. Plunkett and DuPont might not have realized just how far their development would go. They created a product that remains essential to many functions in society today.

Famous Microphones That Have Become Part of Vintage Microphones

Microphones have undergone a lot of changes over the years. Some designs stayed and others became a part of vintage microphones. Microphone, popularly known as mike or mic, is one of the primary elements in an audio or music system.

The main job of the mic is to convert sound into an electrical signal. It has a large number of applications as in music production system, telephone, hearing aid, motion picture production, etc.

Earlier, microphones were known as transmitters. In 1978, Thomas Alva Edison made the first commercial microphone. It was a type of carbon microphone. Later, in Bell Laboratories in 1962, a new type of capacitor microphone was invented.

There were a number of microphones which have made their marks over the last few decades. Some of the names went on to create history but now they are a part of the vintage microphones.

-Altec model 647

-American model D76

-RCA KB-1A, MI-11000

-RCA KN-3A, MI-3045

-RCA carbon type 1

-RCA model BK-7, MI-11016

-Amperite model R80L

-Bruno labs RV-3

-General Electric or Westinghouse carbon or condenser microphones

-Remler, Turner, or Jenkins-Adair condenser microphones

-Western Electric carbon transmitter model 369

-Western Electric condenser housing model 9-A

-Turner model 51D

-Western Electric carbon transmitter model 273

The History & Development of Vintage Microphones

The early 1930s saw the movie industry trying out new technology to record musical scores. However, the range of microphones offered was low. In came the MGM Studios, in Culver City, CA, to try out the newly invented cardioid mic made by the Siemens Co, Germany. It was used to make "Naughty Marietta" with the likes of Jeanette McDonald and Nelson Eddy.

Dynamic or condenser microphones were much smaller in size than the Siemens' version of the cardioid mic. There was a constant effort made to reduce the size of the microphones to facilitate its use.

James Cannon of Cannon Electric Co. in Los Angeles, CA, was told to build up a connector for the mic. His creation was a 6 pin connector which later on became the prototype of P-type connector, which turned out to be an instantaneous success. 3 conductor connector for camera cable was made then which put Cannon plug to history from 1929 onwards.

Mason and Marshall of the Bell Laboratories made a blueprint of a tubular microphone in 1939. The design was such that it utilized a single element and acoustical tubes of different sizes. It helped in the pickup of directional music. The tubular design was the forerunner of the modern day mics.

Electret condenser microphone is a part of the vintage microphones as it has a history dating back to 1928. It used polarized wax plates. Bogen offered this type commercially under the name Voltage Velotron. The WWII saw the development of wax electret mikes. The Japanese used it in their field devices. However, they did not become very popular due to their instability.

In 1962-1965 the electret mics got their diaphragm made of a metalized thin foil of mylar or teflon. Sony, in 1968, created the then finest electret condenser microphone. That too has now moved into vintage microphones.

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DITEC is a complete and durable paint preservation system. DITEC is a 5 step treatment to preserve the paint on your car, yacht, boat or jet effectively. Once DITEC has been applied on your vehicle, you will: Never wax your car again Wash your car less frequently A 6-year system guarantee Immediate increased gloss and luster on the paint Increased resistance against thrown-up pebbles with 75% Increased resistance against rust A better used car value Cost and time effective In addition to the above benefits, DITEC: Contains no Teflon or Silicon Protects the paint against oxidation and sun-burn Protects the metal against corrosion Provides rust protection. www.ditecusa.com



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Treadmill Belt Care And Maintenance - How Important Is It?

Regardless of the type of belt you have on your treadmill, the most important aspect of any belt is how well you take care of the belt. Many factories have decided to put warnings in their manuals to not lubricate a walking belt. The reason many do this is because of all the crazy things that people use to lube the belt. I've seen people use everything from motor oil to WD-40 to Crisco in order to lube the belt and you should only use a commercially available treadmill belt lube on a treadmill belt. Many other products like WD-40 or most commercially available spray silicone lubricants will ruin the backing of your walking belt. Some of these lighter lubricants can actually cause the belt to create more friction on the treadmill deck than not using any lubricant at all.

Finding a lubricant that is designed just for your machine can be difficult. Most commercially available lubricants for treadmills are composed of food grade liquid silicone which has as much in common with spray silicones as a fish has with a bicycle. Other treadmill lubricants use a synthetic polymer and others use products such as Teflon or something as simple as wax. The key is to make sure you use a product that is designed to work with your treadmill and has been designed to work exclusively with treadmills.

Another important point is to make sure to keep the top of the belt clean. Dirt can have its own insulating effect on the walking belt. What we suggest is buy a new pair of shoes for each person that will be using the treadmill and only use them when walking on the treadmill. This keeps dirt, road grime, sand, etc. off the top of the belt. It is surprising just how much trash can build up on a belt just from people carrying dirt on to it from their shoes. We also suggest cleaning the top of the walking belt at least once a quarter. It is easy to do and any treadmill belt cleaner along with a clean nylon bristle brush works great to keep the belt clean and running at as low a temperature as possible.

Many people don't realize the need to maintain the most important part of their treadmill. The dealers are sometimes only concerned with making the sale and getting the product out the door. Maintenance will always be a necessary part of using your treadmill and the belt is the most important part to maintain. If you maintain your belt well and keep it properly lubricated it will not only make your belt last longer, but also keep your treadmill running better for longer. It is relatively low effort and considerably cheaper than the alternative, in short, it just makes sense. So keep up with your maintenance otherwise you could have much bigger problems than you expect.

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The Facts About Wolfgang Puck Cookware

Wolfgang Puck is a chef who became a celebrity by building his flagship restaurant in Hollywood called Spago. Since then, he has become an all around business man and expanded into publishing cookbooks, opening multiple restaurants, catering business and branded products, including cookware and appliances. He has become so well known that he has even made some cameo appearances in TV shows and movies.

In addition to his cooking skills and business abilities, Wolfgang Puck is not afraid to take a stand. His most current program is called WELL - Wolfgang's Eating, Loving, and Living. The WELL program is designed to ensure that every one of Wolfgang's restaurants serve only all-natural and organic foods. Animals that have been crated unnaturally or those animals that have been abused will not be purchased or used in any of his food products.

Wolfgang Puck's cookware includes two separate collections. The Bistro Collection and the Café Collection both include glass covers, but the Bistro Collection also offers omelet pans, grill pans, saucepans and stockpots.

The cookware collection is of the highest quality 18/10 Stainless steel with an Excalibur coating. The Excalibur coating is a stainless steel product patented by Whitford Worldwide. Basically this coating is considered the most durable coating, highly resistant to corrosion and considered stick-resistant.

What is unique about the Excalibur coating on the Wolfgang Puck Cookware collection is that metal utensils can be used in the cooking process. Most cookware manufacturers recommend using only plastic or wood utensils, so this added ability is definitely a plus.

Because this cookware is specially designed to distribute heat quickly and evenly, the use of the highest heat setting on the stove top is not recommended. Medium to Medium-high heat is the highest recommended setting to use. This cookware is oven safe in an oven of up to 400 degrees Fahrenheit.

It is recommended that one pre-heats pans prior to adding food for cooking.

Taking Care of Cookware

Due to the unique Excalibur coating, this cookware is dishwasher safe, but hand-washing with soap and water is the preferred method. Nylon scrubbing pads and stainless steel cleaners are also acceptable for cleaning purposes.

Do not use knives or sharp objects to cut food in the cookware. Even though metal utensils are allowed, the sharpness of the knives can scratch the surface.

Consumer Reviews

Most consumer reviews are extremely positive. Consumers report that Wolfgang Puck Cookware is a great value for the price, is extremely durable and is easy to use. Most customers also love the fact that this cookware is dishwasher safe and can be used with metal utensils. Of the few negative comments, stickiness of food was the most common, but even the consumers who notated negatives, overall satisfaction remained high.

Where to purchase

Wolfgang Puck partners with HSN and Sam's Club. Collections can also be purchased through the Wolfgang Puck cookware site. For purchasing used items or partial collections, e-bay or Amazon is most noted as the choice among consumers.

7 Common Plumbing Problems and Fixes

Many homes, even brand new homes, can have plumbing problems. However, instead of getting a plumber involved, it is possible to fix many of these plumbing problems without professional help. Here are seven common plumbing problems, as well as how to fix them:

Lack of hot water

Plumbing problems related to water temperature always lead to your water heater. You might be able to turn up the thermostat on your water heater. However, your water heater may be clogged with calcium deposits, which limits the amount of hot water it can produce. In this event, it is possible to remove these deposits from most water heaters. Replacing the heating elements is can also restore hot water to your home. Another possibility is that the water heater is beyond repair and must be replaced.

Leaky faucet

A leaky faucet is one of the easiest plumbing problems to fix. The source of the leak is usually a bad seal in the faucet handle. Simply disassemble the faucet, replace the worn out part (usually a rubber gasket), and put it back together.

Clogged Toilet

A clogged toilet is among the list of common but easily solved, plumbing problems. Most clogged toilets can be fixed by plunging. However, if plunging the toilet does not alleviate the clog, serious plumbing problems could be the cause.

Toilet Does Not Flush Everything

If your toilet is not clogged, but does not flush everything, there may not be enough water to carry everything away. In the tank behind the toilet bowl, there is a float that controls how much water is used. Making the float sit higher so that more water is used should cure plumbing problems related to a weak flush.

Slow Draining Sinks

Most home remedies for slow draining sinks involve pouring some kind of solution down the drain to loosen deposits that slow the flow of water. Remedies for these plumbing problems include solutions from store bought drain cleaners to bleach or hot vinegar. Another way to solve and prevent these types of plumbing problems is to fill all the sinks with water and drain them all at once. The pressure caused by this volume of water can help push deposits out of your pipes.

Pipes under the Sink Leak

Before you tackle these plumbing problems, make sure the fixture with the leak is not clogged. If there is no clog, find the source of the leak. In the event that the leak is coming from the juncture of two pipes, try to tighten it. If this does not work, take the leaky section apart and check for stripped or damaged threads. Replacing a damaged part may be necessary, but wrapping the threads with Teflon tape will eliminate most leaky joints. However, if there is a crack in a pipe or appliance component, replacement is usually the only option.

Toilet Leaks from the Base

A toilet leak, if it is in fact coming from the base, can usually be fixed by replacing the wax ring that fits between the toilet and the floor. This can be relatively simply to do, unless the floor is uneven or something else prevents solid contact between the toilet and the wax ring.

Dealing with Common Plumbing Problems

Although fixing plumbing problems is not usually fun, you can save yourself a lot of money by not calling a plumber. Even if you do decide to get a plumber involved, diagnosing the problem can shorten the process and ensure that a plumber does not try to fix anything that is not broken.

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Lawn Sprinklers - How To Install or Repair Irrigation Main Line Connections

This article describes how to install the stop and waste water connection outside and on the culinary system. For most new construction, the irrigation connection is performed in the basement. In previous years, the connection was always outside near the hose bib or park strip. The main advantage to putting the connection outside is that if it ever leaked it wouldn't be in your home. New home builders put them in the home because it is cheaper for them. There is less digging involved.

Pre Install Tips

For this type of installation, don't ever buy these parts from a big box store like Home Depot or Loews. They sell a junky stop and waste with a bell top. It is a piece of junk. You need to go to a real sprinkler or plumbing store. A good stop and waste is made by Mueller and costs around $80. 00. You should always use brass. Don't substitute with galvanized and never ever mix galvanized with brass. If you ever run into a galvanized main line, use a dielectric union to prevent current. When galvanized and brass mix it can create an electric current that breaks down the pipe. Nowadays, most people replace the galvanized main line because they are so old. Lastly, use at least three rounds of Teflon tape for all threaded connections.

Items needed

Stop and waste, brass tee, two six inch brass nipples, threaded brass elbow, schedule 80 toe nipple, Teflon tape, pvc purple primer, pvc blue glue, reciprocating or hack saw, two pipe and two crescent wrenches, 10 feet of 2 inch pipe, two inch pipe cap, schedule 40 pvc pipe, coupling, gravel, sprinkler key, shovel, railroad pick, and sturdy soled boots. Crescent wrenches are optional.

You will know what sizes after you find the main line. If you are unsure, cut off a piece of main line and take it to the plumbing store and buy accordingly. Most main lines are one inch or ¾ inch.

Outside Water Connection

You could have culinary, secondary water, or both. In each case, the connection is quite different. Most people will know they have secondary water because there will be another green box in the park strip with the connection. If you are unsure, call your city to find out.

Culinary Outside Connection : Placement

Find the water meter in the park strip. Face the house and look directly at the nearest hose bib. This is the way your water line will run into the home. Many people put the connection right next to the house. The theory is that if you are right next to the hose bib you can know right where the water connection will be. However there is one giant drawback. Eventually the connection will leak. When it does, do you want it right next to your house? A better idea is to put it a few feet from the water meter. Then, when it eventually leaks it won't flood your basement.

Dig

Call 811 (Blue Stakes) before you dig. You don't want to accidentally puncture a gas line. After the property is staked, you can start digging like crazy. You should have a sharp shovel, a railroad pick, and some sturdy soled boots. Dig down to the main water line. The average depth is 5-6 feet. Some are as deep as 12 feet and some are only around three feet deep. It will seem like forever, but it should only take you a few hours of hard work; or less. You will know that you have the right pipe (generally) because it will either be copper or galvanized and ¾ or 1 inch in diameter.

Turn Off The Water

Call your city and have the water main turned off. Then, double check to see that the water in the house is off.

Cut Pipe

The best tool to cut the pipe is a reciprocating saw with a metal blade. It will only take a few seconds to cut the pipe. You might also use a hacksaw or rolling pipe cutter. Look at the brass tee and measure from groove to groove. In other words, you need to carefully look at the tee and figure out how much pipe to cut. It's a nobrainer, but you should err on the side of caution. You can always cut more if it's not enough. Don't get dirt in the main line. Put something over the pipe to prevent dirt from getting in. A cloth with rubber band works nicely.

Install Brass Tee

Unscrews the tee ends and insert the tee. Make sure it fits snugly. Take a crescent wrench and tighten the tee into place. Most people use a pipe wrench, which is fine, but not recommended by the industry because the teeth mark up the fittings.

Install Brass Nipples

First, install the brass nipples to the stop and waste. You will use Teflon tape. Make three clockwise rounds with the Teflon tape on the threads (universally three times, at least, for all threaded connections). Then, using two pipe wrenches tighten the nipples onto the stop and waste. Make them as tight as possible without going crazy.

Second, install one brass nipple to the already installed tee. Use Teflon tape again. One very important point--Don't put the stop and waste in backwards. There is an arrow on it indicating the water flow direction. Placing your wrench onto the stop and waste gives you more leverage to tighten the nipple into the brass tee.

Install Elbow

Now, you have installed the brass tee, brass nipples, and stop and waste. Take your elbow and install it to the remaining brass nipple. Don't forget to use Teflon tape. The elbow should be threaded brass (ideally). Don't use schedule 40 and never ever use male adapters on this type of installation. Male adapters and schedule 40 elbows are a common cause of failure.

Install Pipe For Sprinkler Valves

Attach a schedule 80 toe nipple to the elbow. Don't forget the Teflon tape. Then use sprinkler primer and sprinkler glue to attach schedule 40 pipe to the toe nipple. You will also need a coupling to attach the toe nipple to the pvc pipe that runs to the valves.

Install Two Inch Pipe

The stop and waste will have a two inch pipe sitting on top of it. It will be held in by dirt. It makes it so you can turn it on and off with a sprinkler key. You can use schedule 40 pipe and just cut notches in the bottom so that the two inch pipe fits securely over the water main line and the stop and waste. You should use a two inch cap on the top of the pipe to prevent dirt from coming in. To make the pipe look nice, cut the top of the pipe to ground level. Some stop and waste valves are threaded on top. It works very well to thread a two inch threaded coupling to the stop and waste and then glue the pipe to the coupling.

Final Tips

Test everything before you bury. You don't want to do the project twice. Put a small amount of gravel under the stop and waste. It will help prevent it from getting clogged and help the water go down more easily. Also, make sure you don't get any dirt into the water main line. Right after cutting the pipe cover the pipe until it is reconnected.